Knowledge Series :
Rice is the main food item of Indian Diet.
Rice (Paddy) sowing/transplanting and harvesting periods have a great variation in different
parts of India due to variation in temperature, rainfall, soil type and other
Agroclimatic conditions.
Three Main Seasons
for Rice/Paddy which are classified according
to season of harvesting of the crop.
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Rice Seasons
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Sowing Time
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Harvesting Time
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Interesting Facts
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Autumn Rice
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May to
August
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September to October
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· Known as Pre-Kharif rice.
· The time of sowing differs among states due
to variation in weather condition and rainfall pattern.
· Autumn rice crop is known as 'Aus' in West
Bengal, 'Ahu' in Assam, 'Beali' in Orissa, 'Bhadai' in Bihar, 'Virippu' in
Kerala and 'Kuruvai/kar/ Sornavari' in Tamil Nadu.
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Winter Rice
[This is the main rice growing season
in India]
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June to July
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November to December
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·
Known as Kharif rice.
· Winter rice is known as 'Aman'
in West Bengal, 'Sali' in Assam, 'Sarrad' in Orissa, 'Agahani' in Bihar and
Uttar Pradesh, 'Sarava' in Andhra Pradesh, 'Mundakan' in Kerala and
'Samba/Thaladi' in Tamil Nadu. About 84% of the country's rice crop is grown
in this season.
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Summer Rice
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November to February
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March to June
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·
Known as Rabi rice.
·
It is known as 'Boro' in Assam and West
Bengal, 'Dalua'in Orissa, 'Dalwa' in Andhra Pradesh, 'Punja' in Kerala and
'Navarai' in Tamil Nadu and 'Garma' in Bihar.
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Due to favorable temperature conditions in the
eastern and southern regions of the country, two or three crops of rice are
grown in a year.
In northern and western parts of the
country, due to sufficient rainfall and fairly low winter temperature, only one
crop of rice is grown during the month from May to November.
RICE GROWING REGIONS
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Sl.No.
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Rice Growing Regions
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Facts
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1
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North-Eastern Region
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·
Major States are Assam and North eastern
states.
·
In Assam rice is grown in the basin of
Brahmnaputra river.
· North-eastern region receives very heavy
rainfall and thus rice is grown under rain fed condition.
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2
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Eastern Region
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·
Major States: Bihar, Chhattisgarh, Madhya
Pradesh, Orissa, Eastern Uttar Pradesh and West Bengal.
·
Rice is grown in the basins of Ganga and
Mahanadi rivers.
· This region has the highest intensity of rice
cultivation in the country as it receives heavy rainfall thus rice is grown under
rain fed conditions.
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3
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Northern Region
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· Major States: Haryana, Punjab, Western Uttar
Pradesh, Uttrakhand, Himachal Pradesh and Jammu & Kashmir.
·
Low winter temperature.
·
Single crop of rice from May-July to
September-December is grown.
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4
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Western Region
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·
Major States: Gujarat, Maharashtra and
Rajasthan.
·
Rice is grown under rain fed condition during
June-August to October - December.
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5
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Southern Region
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·
Major States: Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka,
Kerala and Tamil Nadu.
· Rice is mainly grown in deltaic tracts of
Godavari, Krishna and Cauvery rivers and the non-deltaic rain fed area of
Tamil Nadu and Andhra Pradesh.
·
Rice is grown under irrigated condition in
deltaic tracts.
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